and peace on earth was God’s plan for the Jewish nation only. The Old Testament describes the land promised to the patriarchs and Israel consistently in theological terms: as God’s gracious gift or blessing to His covenant people (Genesis 12:1, 7; 13:14–17; 15:18–21; Deuteronomy 1:5–8; Psalm 44:1–3). The land itself is called, as it were, to observe a sabbath to the Lord (Leviticus 25:2), “to symbolize Yahweh’s creation and ownership of the land.”4 It remained
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